How do you reference a thesis in APA format? Dissertation or Master's Thesis, Published Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of dissertation / thesis (Publication No.) [Doctoral dissertation /Master's thesis, Name of Institution Awarding the Degree] citations, and attribution phrases. The references list in APA format appears at the end of the document, starting on a new page with the word “References” at the top of the page. References list entries are alphabetized by author name, as shown in the sample references Reference List: Other Print Sources. Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here. Important Note: Because the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual heavily emphasizes digital and electronic sources, it does not contain
Published dissertation or thesis references
If those guidelines specify APA format then you have two challenges. First, you need to understand the APA style rules. The most up-to-date version of these is in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association Sixth Edition. Studies have shown that using this familiar formatting style, your message stays clear and there is no confusion due to presentation. A thesis formatted to APA allows your reader to concentrate all their energy on the content, apa thesis reference format.
Second, you apa thesis reference format to be proficient with Microsoft Word. Proficient enough to know how to apply the various APA rules consistently to your document. This can be easy enough when setting up your pages and headings. However, when adding pagination, running headers, contents lists and references, things apa thesis reference format start to get tricky.
But keep in mind each university often has its own styling overrides for the title page, front matter, margins, tables of contents and running headers. You need to keep these overrides in apa thesis reference format as well to ensure your thesis is compliant. On a tight timeline? Not an expert with Word? Get in touch and apa thesis reference format for a quote to have one our experts do all the formatting for you.
Ensure every page in your document is US Letter size 8. Most dissertations require a larger binding margin, this is not specified by APA but will often be part of specific University Guidelines.
Other than the title page and copyright, all pages of the thesis should be numbered right the way through to any appendices at the back, apa thesis reference format. All text should have flush left justification so text has a ragged, unjustified right edge, apa thesis reference format.
The first line of all paragraphs should be indented by 0. The only exception is the first paragraph of the abstract. Pages apa thesis reference format be balanced to avoid windows and orphans. This means no single line of text should appear alone at the top or bottom of a page. The thesis should be double spaced throughout, even in block quotes, footnotes and references, apa thesis reference format. No words should be hyphenated and there should be two spaces after end-of-sentence punctuation.
Italics should never be used for emphasis, apa thesis reference format. Lists or seriation should be separate sentences identified by an Apa thesis reference format numeral followed by a period, apa thesis reference format.
The first word is capitalized, and the sentence ends with a period. If bullets are used then these should be small squares or circles. Commas should separate each item in a series, even before the conjunction andi. the serial, or Oxford, comma is required. The header is located within, not below, the margin. There is no need to set the header at a specific distance from the top of the page, apa thesis reference format.
APA guidelines then specify that the title page should have a running apa thesis reference format of: Running head: TITLE OF PAPER 1. The next pages then follow with a running header of: TITLE OF PAPER 2.
Typically the title and copyright pages are counted but not numbered, apa thesis reference format. The remaining preliminary pages are then all paginated with lower case roman numerals. It is very common for each University to have their own format for the title page and copyright pages so we would recommend checking these carefully and ideally finding examples from other thesis to compare to, apa thesis reference format.
If you include an abstract then the first paragraph is the only one that is not first line indented. The table of contents can be tricky to get right, apa thesis reference format.
Consistent levels of heading must be apa thesis reference format although levels as low as 4 or 5 will typically be omitted. Headings longer than one line must have a second line indent of 3 spaces, but not 5 spaces or this will appear as the next level of heading. Every level should use leader tabs and dots.
The first page of the first chapter should not repeat the dissertation title. To improve readability, it is then acceptable to triple or quadruple spaces before major heading levels 1 and 2.
All headings must then be formatted according to five possible formatting arrangements:. Heading 1: Centered, Boldface, Titlecase Heading 2: Flush Left, Boldface, Titlecase Heading 3: Indented, boldface, lowercase, ending with a period. Heading 4: Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase, apa thesis reference format, ending with a period. Heading 5: Indented, italicized, lowercase, ending with a period.
Table captions are italicized, single spaced and major words capitalized. Each must be labeled with a consecutive table number. The page number, table number and table title must then be included in a List of Tables at the front of the thesis.
When styling a table keep in mind that every column must have a heading and it is typically acceptable to single space text or numbers within cells. Wherever possible you should keep the whole of a table on one page.
For tables continued onto the next page, use a line for lower border and place under the line a note in parentheses as follow table continues at bottom right. The column headings but not the table title must be repeated with continued table.
Table notes should not be repeated but should appear at the end of the last page of table. Table notes begin with a superscripted letter and are separated by periods.
They are styled with in italics followed by two spaces and then apa thesis reference format note itself which should not be italicized. General points like copyright attribution will end with a period whereas explanations of abbreviations or symbols will be separated by a semi-colon. Specific notes about an individual row, column or cell are then indicated by superscript lowercase letters. Figure captions are italicized and should end with a period. Each must be labeled with the correct consecutive figure number.
The caption label and text should be on the same line as each other. The page number, table number and table title must then be included in a List of Figures at the front of the thesis. Any direct quote of 40 words or more must be styled in block format and indented half an inch. If there are additional paragraphs in a single quote then the first line of the second paragraph should be indented an extra half an inch.
All quotes must end with a period before the citation in parentheses and should be preceded by a colon. The references section of an APA thesis must start on a new page with the word References in uppercase and lowercase letters, apa thesis reference format, centered.
Every reference entry should then be double-spaced and use hanging indent format, so that the first line of each reference is flush left and subsequent lines are indented.
All footnotes should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the order they appear in the text. A superscript reference number can be placed anywhere other apa thesis reference format in a heading and can follow any punctuation mark, except a dash. If there is only one appendix, label it Appendix ; if there are more label each with a capital letter Appendix A, Appendix B, etc.
Every appendix must have a title and begin on a separate page with the the word Appendix and the identifying capital letters at the top of the page. An appendix can include its own headings and subheadings as well as tables, figures, and displayed equations.
Every table, figure and equation in an appendix must be numbered to include the letter apa thesis reference format the appendix, such as Table B1. If there is only one appendix then just use the letter A, such as Table A1, to distinguish from those in the main text. If one table fills a whole appendix, the table does not require separate labeling. As well as the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association there are two other particularly useful resources for APA styling.
APA Quick Answers from the American Psychological Association A Guide to General Format of APA at The Owl at Purdue What are the most common APA style mistakes done by students for a list of some common APA mistakes made by students.
Not only are our staff very familiar will all aspects of APA formatting but we have created a number of tools in Microsoft Word to ensure that your thesis is completely consistent throughout.
So confident are we in our service that we guarantee we will meet your guidelines. Currently you have JavaScript disabled. In order to post comments, please make sure JavaScript and Cookies are enabled, and reload the page.
Click here for instructions on apa thesis reference format to enable JavaScript in your browser. The APA formatting rules Page layout Ensure every page in your document is US Letter size 8.
Text All text should have flush left justification so text has a ragged, unjustified right edge. Headers The header is located within, not below, the margin. Preliminary Pages Typically the title and copyright pages are counted but not numbered.
Headings The first page of the first chapter should not repeat the dissertation title. All headings must then be formatted according to five possible formatting arrangements: Heading 1: Centered, Boldface, Titlecase Heading 2: Flush Left, Boldface, Titlecase Heading 3: Indented, boldface, lowercase, ending with a period. Tables Table captions are italicized, single spaced and major words capitalized. Figures Figure apa thesis reference format are italicized and should end with a period.
Quotations Any direct quote of 40 words or more must be styled in block format and indented half an inch. References The references section of an APA thesis must start on a new page with the word References in uppercase and lowercase letters, centered. Footnotes All footnotes should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the order they appear in the text.
Appendices If there is only one appendix, label it Appendix ; if there are more label each with a capital letter Appendix A, Appendix B, etc. Other useful resources As well as the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association there are two other particularly useful resources for APA styling.
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, time: 23:48How to Cite a Thesis or Dissertation in APA | EasyBib Citations
The same format can be adapted for other unpublished theses, including undergraduate theses, by changing the wording of the bracketed description as appropriate. If you find the dissertation or thesis in a database or in a repository or archive, follow the published dissertation or thesis reference examples General Format. Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here. Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA citations, and attribution phrases. The references list in APA format appears at the end of the document, starting on a new page with the word “References” at the top of the page. References list entries are alphabetized by author name, as shown in the sample references
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